Taphonomy and death investigations
Taphonomy and death investigations
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Issue Date
2011
Authors
Rodriguez, Katherine M.
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Abstract
Determining the approximate time of death in human remains presents criminal investigators with a complex dilemma. This is particularly true when advanced decomposition has already set in. Estimating the time of death is not an exact science, rather it is imprecise, and in some cases impossible to determine. The longer time goes by, the least accurate the estimation. In criminal cases involving decomposed remains, the time of death is critical in order to corroborate the alibis of possible suspects or connect the deceased with individuals reported missing. Taphonomy is one tool that is utilized in forensic science to determine the approximate time of death. The term Taphonomy is derived from the Greek words taphos, which means grave, and nomos, which means law. By definition, taphonomy is the study of the biological, physical and chemical processes that occur from the moment of death to fossilization. Unless the criminal investigator is an expert taphonomy, it is recommended those investigators employ forensic scientists that specialize in this area. This research paper will focus on the use of taphonomy in forensic science and criminal investigation.
The research and literature written by forensic entomologist were reviewed, contrasted and critiqued. Also reviewed were the stages of decomposition, the growth stages of the common house fly and the external factors considered in determining time of death. It is apparent that forensic entomology has been utilized more frequently to determine post mortal interval in criminal matters as noted in the case studies presented in this research paper. Today, Forensic Entomologists are being used with increasing frequency to apply their knowledge and expertise to criminal and civil proceedings. It continues to be a major piece of evidence in both criminal and civil trials and they have been recognized by members of the forensic science field which includes forensic laboratories and medical/legal investigation teams.
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Forensic science