Barriers to Reporting and the Psychological Impact of Sexual Assault on African American Women in a Substance Abuse Program: A Grounded Theory Analysis
Barriers to Reporting and the Psychological Impact of Sexual Assault on African American Women in a Substance Abuse Program: A Grounded Theory Analysis
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Issue Date
2002
Authors
Walters, Cathia
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Abstract
Minimal research has been conducted on the psychological impact of sexual assault on African American women. Of those studies conducted, few have addressed the possible barriers that contribute to underreporting or not seeking treatment for sexual assault and the resulting psychological impact on this population. This study examines the reporting practices of sexual assault by African American women and explores the psychological effects of these practices. The data were gathered from qualitative interviews with seven African American women between the ages of 23 and 50. Grounded theory methodology was used to identify what the women saw as barriers to reporting assault and what impact, if any, the reporting or nonreporting of the abuse had on their lives. The results of this study reveal multiple variables, including a fear of not being believed, a fear of tearing the family apart, and, most predominantly, a fear of retaliation. These fears usually prevent the women from disclosing the sexual assaults, and they opt instead, to suffer in silence. These women turn to alternative ways of dealing with their emotions, engaging in self-destructive behaviors such as promiscuity and/or substance abuse. Based on the data gathered from this research, suggestions are made for further research into the close association between substance abuse and sexual assault and into the uneasy relationship between African American communities and government agencies.