Increasing Levels of Self-Esteem in Young Athletes: Coaching Effectiveness Training Program Using Verbal Praise
Loading...
Authors
Mills, Clay "G"
Issue Date
1988
Type
Thesis
Language
en
Keywords
Alternative Title
Abstract
This study was designed to examine changes in self-esteem levels in young athletes, using a coach effectiveness training program of verbal reinforcement, constructive reprimand, and modeling techniques. Two girls soccer teams ranging in age from 10 to 12 years old completed a condensed version of the pretest and post-test of the Self-Esteem Questionnaire III (Hoff Meister. 1976). This standardized questionnaire assesses feelings of self-worth in young children. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the results. The results indicate that the coach receiving the training program (experimental group) was able to raise the self-esteem levels of his players. The coach not receiving the training (control group) actually had the levels of self-esteem decrease, based on pretest and post-test scores. Several recommendations are also given in hopes that coaches, teachers, and parents, will use similar programs to increase levels of self-esteem in young children.